The Encyclopedia of Face and Form Reading; or, Personal Traits, Both Physical and Mental, Revealed by Outward Signs Through Practical and Scientific Physiognomy. Being a Manual of Instruction in the Knowledge of the Human Physiognomy and Organism. Embracing the Discoveries of Located Character in the Body and Face as Shown by the Five Natural Divisions of the Countenance. With an Outline of Study, Glossary and Classified Suggestive Questions and Elaborate Aids to the Study, Together with Original Articles Upon Vital Subjects by Distinguished Authorities

Philadelphia/New York/Chicago: The F.A. Davis Company, 1898. Second Edition. Hard Cover. Good/No Jacket. Second edition. Spine faded, page ridges foxed, hinges starting, ink gift note on front endpaper. 1898 Hard Cover. xxxiii, 74, 1229 pp. Profusely illustrated. CONTENTS: Author's Preface; Publisher's Preface; List of Illustrations Aids to the Study; Introduction; Part I. Theoretical Physiognomy: The Bases of Principles of Scientific Physiognomy; The Basic Principles of Form; The Five Organ Systems Which Create Form and Character: The Vegetative System; The Muscular System; The Osseous or Bony System; The Brain and Nervous System; The Sub-Basic Principles of Physiognomy: Form and Size; The Law of Proportion or Harmonious Development; Health; The Rationale of Physical Functions and Mental Faculties, and Their Signs in the Face: The Kidney System; Faculties Derived from the Different Systems: The Intestinal System; The Glandular System; The Reproductive System; The Liver; The Nerves of the Skin; The Osseous System; The Muscular System; The Osseous and Nervous Systems; The Muscular and Brain Systems; The Glandular and Arterial Systems; The Brain and Nerve System; The Five Superior Systems; The Brain System; Theories of the Mode of Action of Certain Traits; Part II. Practical Physiognomy: The Three Natural and Primitive Divisions of the Face Created by the Mouth, the Nose, and the Eyes: Mental Signs of Character in the Face; Location and Description of Signs and Character in the Face: The Faculty of Conscientiousness; The Faculty of Firmness; The Faculty of Economy; Love and Home; Patriotism; Benevolence; Bibativeness; Alimentiveness, or Digestion; Amativeness; Love is Young; Mirthfulness; Approbativeness; Friendship; Hospitality; Pneumativeness; Glandular and Arterial System: Color; Sanativeness; Self-Esteem; Modesty; Force; Resistance; Secretiveness; Cautiousness; Hope; Analysis; Mental Imitation; Sublimity; Ideality; Human Nature; Acquisitiveness; Constructiveness; Veneration; Executiveness; Self-Will; Credenciveness; Prescience; The Practical Division of the Face: Form; Size; Observation; Memory of Events; Locality; The Muscular System--Weight; Language; Music; The Mathematical Division of the Face: Time; Order, Mental and Physical; Calculation; Causality; Comparison; Intuition; The Human Face in Outline, Motion, Feature, Expression, and Color: Motions and Form; The Chin; The Jaw; The Lips; The Voice; The Mouth; The Cheeks; The Nose; The Eye; The Eyelashes; The Eyebrows; The Forehead; The Head; The Hair; The Ear; The Human Face; Dimples; The Teeth; The Gums; The Tongue; Physiognomy of Smiles and Laughter; The Neck; The Hand; The Nails; Signs of Health and Disease, Strength and Weakness, Beauty and Ugliness, in the Human Face and Body; Choice of Vocations: The Combination of Faculties for Trades and Professions; Conclusion; Appendix: Origin and Evolution of the Visceral Organs and Facial Features; Summary of the Origin and Evolution of the Visceral Organs and Facial Features; Tabulated Summary of the Origin and Evolution of the Organs; Bibliography; Glossary; Index. Physiognomy (from the Greek 'physis', meaning "nature", and 'gnomon', meaning "judge" or "interpreter") or face reading is the practice of assessing a person's character or personality from their outer appearance—especially the face. The term can also refer to the general appearance of a person, object, or terrain without reference to its implied characteristics—as in the physiognomy of an individual plant (see plant life-form) or of a plant community (see vegetation). Physiognomy as a practice meets the contemporary definition of pseudoscience and it is so regarded among academic circles because of its unsupported claims; popular belief in the practice of physiognomy is nonetheless still widespread and modern advances in artificial intelligence have sparked renewed interest in the field of study. The practice was well-accepted by ancient Greek philosophers, but fell into disrepute in the 16th century while practised by vagabonds and mountebanks. It revived and was popularised by Johann Kaspar Lavater, before falling from favour in the late 19th century. Physiognomy in the 19th century is particularly noted as a basis for scientific racism. Physiognomy as it is understood today is a subject of renewed scientific interest, especially as it relates to machine learning and facial recognition technology. The main interest for scientists today are the risks, including privacy concerns, of physiognomy in the context of facial recognition algorithms. Physiognomy is sometimes referred to as anthroposcopy, a term originating in the 19th century. (Inventory #: 2343207)